There is good evidence for the use of pharmacological treatments to improve outcomes in patients with alcohol dependence. The management of acute withdrawal should include a high risk of suspicion for Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, necessitating treatment with parenteral high-potency B vitamins (Pabrinex). Benzodiazepines in reducing doses should be used in conjunction with a continuing treatment plan after medically assisted withdrawal (detoxification). The relapse prevention medications acamprosate and naltrexone should be considered in all patients with moderate to severe alcohol dependence wishing to maintain abstinence.