Many patients with atrial fibrillation have concomitant coronary artery disease with or without acute coronary syndromes and are in the need of additional antithrombotic therapy. There are few data on the long-term clinical outcome of atrial fibrillation patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome. This is a 2-year study of atrial fibrillation patients with or without a history of acute coronary syndromes.