A Contemporary 20-Year Cleveland Clinic Experience of Non-bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis: Etiology, Echocardiographic imaging, Management, and Outcomes

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis, sometimes referred to as thrombotic, marantic, verrucous, or Libman-Sacks endocarditis, is a form of non-infective endocarditis that develops in patients with certain underlying risk factors.1 It was originally identified by Ziegler in 1888,2 and later described by Libeman and Sacks in 1924.3,4 In 1936, Gross and Friedberg coined the term non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis.5 The condition results from the deposition of sterile platelet and fibrin thrombi on heart valves.