During my residency, I dutifully memorized when and how to use the 6 different digitalis preparations then in use: acetyl strophanthidin, ouabain, digitals leaf, digitoxin, acetyl digitoxin, and digoxin. Today, only digoxin remains in use and then only occasionally. When I was in training, digitalis preparations were given to patients with heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and other supraventricular arrhythmias. Currently, digoxin is rarely used in the management of heart failure because we have so many other effective and evidence-based medications that improve both morbidity and mortality in heart failure patients.